Frozen Shoulder (Periarthritis or Stiff Shoulder)
The shoulder joint is surrounded by a capsule — a flexible, protective cover. Sometimes, this capsule thickens and becomes inflamed, causing a condition known as frozen shoulder or periarthritis of the shoulder.

Key Points:
Who is affected?
People with diabetes or thyroid problems are more likely to develop frozen shoulder.

Symptoms:

Intense shoulder pain, especially at night, in the early stages

Gradual stiffening of the shoulder, reducing its movement

Duration:
The pain and stiffness usually improve over 9 to 12 months, but in diabetics, it can last longer.

Treatment:
Early stages:

Anti-inflammatory medications

Gentle, careful exercises to maintain some movement

If night pain is severe, a steroid injection into the joint can reduce pain

If stiffness persists despite treatment:

Arthroscopic surgery may be considered to release the tight capsule and improve movement.